CAN (bus) relates to 'Controller Area Network'. Primarily used in vehicles to allow different microcontrollers to communicate with one another without a host computer.
The CAN bus network is used in vehicles for being a robust message-based protocol. It allows multiple components to communicate with each other on a subscriber basis using IDs for each ECU (engine control unit), for example, the engine ECU would be subscribed to the throttle response ECUs ID. All nodes on the network sent out data continuously at asynchronous times due to data being sent out without a clock signal. However, the data is sampled a synchronous time.